Fuel consumption test system This system is mainly composed of fuel consumption transmitter, control solenoid valve and fuel consumption meter. The fuel consumption meter and the power meter are integrated into a power fuel consumption meter. Principle of fuel consumption transmitter. Schematic diagram of fuel consumption transmitter In the preset fuel consumption time t, the fuel consumption meter measures the electrical difference V between the beginning and the end of the fuel supply, and the fuel consumption quality m can be obtained. From the fuel consumption A=m/t, the measured power N , Calculate the specific fuel consumption C=A/N.
Test example The brake performance, power performance, and fuel economy performance of a forklift were tested using this test bench.
Braking performance test braking force curve. As shown, the comparison of the measured braking forces of the two wheels can determine the brake adjustment and the possibility of deviation. Traction force and power test In the test of power performance, traction force curve and power curve. The traction curve can be drawn from the measured traction force and the corresponding vehicle speed. The traction characteristic curve shows the maximum speed and maximum traction that the forklift can achieve in each gear when the engine throttle is fully opened.
Fuel economy test: By testing the fuel consumption of the engine at different throttle openings, the fuel consumption and the specific fuel consumption curve under the external characteristics of the engine can be obtained. Shows the fuel consumption ratio at different vehicle speeds, and obtains the fuel consumption ratio of the *economic vehicle speed.
Piston expansion is because the gap between the piston and the cylinder liner is too small, and the piston and cylinder liner are severely worn in the early stage. In addition to the poor heat dissipation and cooling effect, improper assembly, the piston is not heated as required, and the piston pin is forced into the piston to deform the piston. One of the main reasons.
After melting and abrasive wear occur, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas escapes from the gap between the piston and the cylinder liner, which not only prevents the heat received by the top surface of the piston from being transferred to the cylinder liner by means of the piston ring, but the outer circle of the piston and the surface of the piston ring are also burned by gas. Intense heating, high temperature will cause the lubricating oil to deteriorate or even carbonize, the piston ring will stick, the piston will burn out, and the piston will block the cylinder after thermal expansion, causing the top of the connecting rod to bend and twist. When the piston is overheated, its mechanical performance drops rapidly, and the thermal load increases, which causes a large temperature gradient between the points of the piston. The increase in thermal stress causes the piston to crack near the piston pin with the largest mechanical load, and it eventually breaks.
When the piston moves at the top and bottom dead center, the speed is zero, it is not easy to build up oil film, and form boundary state friction, which is an overheated zone. Therefore, there are piston melts near the top and bottom dead centers, and the wear is also the most serious. At the top dead center, the mechanical load and thermal load borne by the piston are at their peaks, so the cylinder expansion occurs near the top dead center.
Conclusion This test bench integrates engine performance testing and braking performance testing into a comprehensive test bench. The two test systems are independent devices, and the control system is equipped with an anti-misoperation interlock mechanism to ensure the safe operation of the test bench. This test bench can be used for the factory inspection of forklifts and the inspection of repaired vehicles, and at the same time provide a perfect test method for teaching and scientific research. The data collection, processing and test results are completed by the computer, which reduces the test time and improves the accuracy and objectivity of the test work.
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