Labor productivity refers to the number of qualified products manufactured by workers per unit time or the time consumed to manufacture a single product. Improving productivity is a comprehensive issue. For example, improving product structure design, improving the quality of blank manufacturing, improving processing methods, improving production organization forms and labor management systems, etc., in terms of technological measures taken, there are the following aspects:
1. Shorten the time quota for a single piece
Time quota refers to the time required to complete a process under certain production conditions. Time quota is an important part of the process regulations, and is an important basis for arranging operation plans, conducting cost accounting, determining the number of equipment, staffing, and planning production area. Therefore, a reasonable time quota is very important to ensure product quality, improve labor productivity, and reduce production costs.
2.The process unit quota includes part
1. Basic time
The time consumed by the process of directly changing the size, shape, relative position, surface state or material properties of the production object. For cutting, the basic time is the maneuver time consumed to cut the metal.
2. Auxiliary time
The time consumed by various auxiliary actions that must be performed in order to realize the process. Including loading and unloading the workpiece, starting and stopping the machine tool, changing the cutting amount, measuring the size of the workpiece, and cutting in and out actions.
There are two ways to determine the auxiliary time:
- (1) In mass production, decompose each auxiliary action, determine the time consumed, and then add up;
- (2) In small and medium batch production, it can be estimated as a percentage of the basic time, and revised and made reasonable in actual operation.
The sum of basic time and auxiliary time is called operation time, also called process time.
3. Arrange working time
That is, the time spent by workers taking care of the work place (such as changing tools, adjusting and lubricating machine tools, cleaning chips, cleaning up tools, etc.), also known as service time. It is generally calculated as 2% to 7% of the operating time.
4. Rest and nature take time
That is, the time spent by workers in the work shift to recover their physical strength and meet natural needs. Generally calculated as 2% of operating time.
5. Preparation and end time
That is, the time it takes for workers to prepare and finish work in order to produce a batch of products and parts. Including familiarization with drawings and process documents, receiving rough materials, installing process equipment, adjusting machine tools, delivering inspection, sending finished products, returning process equipment, etc.
In addition, the use of various quick-change tools, tool fine-tuning devices, special tool setting templates, automatic tool change devices, increase the service life of tools, and regularly arrange and place tools, fixtures, measuring tools, etc., can shorten the time and Service time has practical significance for improving labor productivity. The use of advanced processing equipment (such as CNC machine tools, processing centers, etc.) to gradually realize processing and measurement automation is also an inevitable trend to improve labor productivity.
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